Minimum Wage Legislation Essay - 958 Words

Minimum Wage Legislation I am going to pose the question to you the students of Sir Sandford Fleming College, do you really want the minimum wage legislation left in affect? As college students you are not benefiting or gaining anything from minimum wage legislation. The minimum wage legislation requires all employees to be paid at least some fixed given dollar amount per hour. This sounds good, but it isnt all that it seems! Minimum wage is an example of government intervention. The government has put a minimum on the dollar amount that employers can pay their employees. Unfortunately when we implement solutions like the minimum wage, it is too late to actually fix the problem, so in most cases it has effects that we cannot foresee as†¦show more content†¦With any change in the in the minimum wage the demand will decrease/increase dramatically, and exactly the opposite for skilled workers. When the minimum wage changes the demand for skilled workers remains the same regardless, but if there is a change it is very minute. Overall the amount of job opportunities are decreasing, because of the costs of labour is increasing for the unskilled worker, and it will be the unskilled workers who are the first to go in these situations because they do not have the specialized skills that make them irreplaceable. Wages are used to compensate workers for their time, skill, and money that they have invested into themselves. The trend is for higher education, which in return receives higher wages. The reservation wage of skilled workers is higher then unskilled because they would like to receive some return on their investment, their education. As college students we should be able to relate to this concept as we have put more time, effort and money in to ourselves then some others, like high school students and we should be compensated for this by of course a better rate of pay. After one year of college you should receive more then minimum wage as you have bettered your skills and invested at least $3000 to do so. This is the only direct cost, you also have to take into consideration the opportunity costs you wouldShow MoreRelatedUse the case of the recent legislation of the minimum wage to discuss the positive function and negative function of the social policy in Hong Kong society.  3029 Words   |  13 PagesHong Kong had issued an increase of the Statutory Minimum Wage (SMW) from $28 to $30. Setting SMW at an appropriate level is vital to striking the balance between the objectives of forestalling excessively low wages and minimising the loss of low-paid jobs, while sustaining Hong Kong’s economic growth and competitiveness (2012 report of the minimum wage commission, 2012). To fulfil this aim, the government have decided to increase the minimum wage rate in order for the people receiving the low-paidRead MoreEvaluation Of My Own Performance1257 Words   |  6 Pagesevaluating my own performance in the interview, providing strengths and areas for improvement. On top of that, providing information how to develop the areas for improvement. Also, this assignment will contain the assessment of legislations and regulations, also how legislations impact businesses in recruitment and selection processes. Finally, it contains retention processes. 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Over time, the gap has changed for the better. The gap has improved for many reasons but many of them include the changes of standards. It used to be the standard for women to be housewives and if they took jobs, they were small, part timeRead MoreFair Labor Standards Act of 1938 and Fair Wages for Disability Employees1004 Words   |  5 Pagestests used to determine subminimum wages for employees with disabilities. I will then go on to discuss the history of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 and how companies use a section of the legislation to get away with paying their employees with disabilities so little. And finally I will discuss the ethics behind the use of this piece of legislation and also provide a counter argument which supports subminimum wages. Employees who earn subminimum wages usually are employed to work in shelteredRead MoreRaising The Minimum Wage Of The United States1309 Words   |  6 PagesRaise the minimum wage: In the United States, studies show that women tend to make up a disproportionate share of low-wage workers. In the field of education, men tends to go more to STEM than women and that also leads to high paying jobs for men. If we raise the minimum wage, this will help hardworking women to support their families. Approximately, women made up two-thirds of all minimum-wage workers in 2012. With the current federal minimum wage i.e. $7.25 per hour, someone working full timeRead MoreHistory of the Flsa Essay982 Words   |  4 Pageshoping to avoid any future economic downturns, the government would accomplish this with paying higher wages that the employer could afford and employees could provide for their families. The History of the Fair Labor Standards Act The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) is administered by the United States Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division. The Act regulates child labor, wages, and hours, it also requires employers to keep proper records and which to maintain (Bennett Ââ€" Alexander

The Human Resource Development Policy Of Kenya - 1356 Words

Definition of induction According to the Human Resource Development policy of Kenya (2015), induction is defined as a process of receiving and orientating/ familiarizing a new employee to an organization’s work procedures and environment (HRD, 2015). In teaching industry, Ajowi et al., (2011) defined induction as a fundamental process of settling newly appointed teachers into a new work environment. It is intended to effectively introduce newly appointed teachers to the work procedures, rules and regulations, as well as assist them to adapt quickly to teaching. The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development in the UK defines induction as, â€Å"the process where employees adjust or acclimatize to their jobs and working environment. As part of this, ‘orientation’ is used for a specific course or training event that new starters attend, and ‘socialization’ can describe the way in which new employees build up working relationships and find roles for themselves within their new teams. Some people use the term ‘onboarding’ to cover the whole process from an individual’s contact with the organization before they formally join, through to understanding the business’ ways of working and getting up to speed in their new job. (Chris, 2015). According to the CIDP, every organization, large or small, should have a well-considered induction programme. It should provide all the information that new employees’ need, without overwhelming or diverting them from the essential process ofShow M oreRelatedThe Allocation Of Relief Food1353 Words   |  6 Pageswhich a countries people have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food which meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. In the recent years, and especially starting from 2008, the Kenya has been facing severe food insecurity problems. These are depicted by a high proportion of the population having no access to food in the right amounts and quality. Official estimates indicate over 10 million people are food insecure with majorityRead MoreSustainable Water Management And Food Security Essay1324 Words   |  6 PagesSECURITY IN KENYA Introduction With increasing climate change, agriculture which is the backbone of Kenya’s economy has been greatly affected signaling a period of drought in the country. This means that the amount of food produced has decreased significantly over the years. Water and food are not only a basic need, but are also centre-piece of sustainable development and a crucial part of poverty alleviation globally and thus any shortage in these triggers a deficit in development. The Food andRead MoreKenya’s Budget Making Process.1537 Words   |  7 Pagesrations resources among claimants and control the amount each claimant spends. This is through accounting of the payments received by government (taxes and other fees) and the payments made by government (purchases and transfer payments). 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Transport and Infrsstructure Development Project Developing Countries

Question: Discuss bout the Transport and Infrsstructure Development Project for Developing Countries. Answer: Introduction The main reason why this report has been prepared is to help achieve peace in South Republic of South Sudan. This will contribute to the overall global goal of improving the welfare of every part of the world. The other secondary reason for developing this report is creation of job opportunities to both local and international companies because not all the projects can be done locally based on expertise and capacity required for successful delivery of the project. The companies which will be involved in this project will in turn employ both locals and international expatriates. The very limited policy and institutional framework and implementation capacity to turn around the situation it is facing. To come up with those entire requirements might take a lot of time and therefore detrimental to the peace being sought to that country. The project being analyzed involves upgrading of infrastructural projects to foster the main objective of this project proposal. Under this proposal only major roads and structures of high priority will be considered. This include major roads in the countries capital city Juba as well us other roads connecting various destination points with the Republic of South Sudan. The structures that will be considered involves administrative structures to help the new government get hold of the country so that lasting law and order can be achieved in the republic. The administrative buildings will be distributed across the country especially all the towns so that Sudanese people in the rural areas can easily access government services like obtaining relevant documents like identification cards and any other document that they may require from the government in order to go about their daily life activities smoothly. The structure of this project proposal will take the form of project management professional whereby target audience will be discussed in all aspects including why they are target audience and relevant information that they need to know. The paper will comprehensively discuss aspects of the project and will support these with relevant theories and figures and tables. The project will be implanted in two phases the first phase focusing on roads linking major destination points across the country i.e. the capital city and major towns and administrative buildings in those major towns which will be identified. The second phase will include major feeder roads mostly in rural areas to open up those rural areas for economic activities like commercial farming. The second phase will entail building of administrative structures in the rural areas to take government services closer to the people. The project implementation process will be subject to availability of funds. The first phase of the project will be implemented as an emergency case considering that it is the urgent basic need. Background and environment of the project The idea behind this project is not profit but rather a humanitarian project that aims at improving the welfare of the people in developing countries like the Republic of South Sudan in order to contribute to the overall well being of the all world in terms of development for sustainable peace. The project will also reduce number of refugees in the world when all South Sudanese return to their country. Largest refugee camps like one in Kenya called Kakuma will be less congested thereby easing logistical challenges associated with such camps e.g. management of diseases outbreaks and infiltration by terrorists in the name of refugees. The project sponsors are United Nations, World Bank African Development Bank and other development partners Government of Australia in conjunction with Government of Republic of South Sudan. The nature of the partnership will see the government of Republic of South Sudan take 40% of the total coast of the project and the rest 60% to be requested from deve lopment partners mentioned above. The funding may come inform of grants as well as cheap loans that the government of South Sudan will repay within agreed time. (Government extension to A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK Guide)--2000 edition, 2002) Audience and structure of the project The target audiences for this project are sponsors of the project and the people of Republic of South Sudan. World Bank, African Development Bank and Australian government are the audience of the project because the proposal identified them as the sponsors of the project. Each sponsor will be given relevant detail of the project as per the request put fort before them. Each of these development partners will be presented with financials and figures of the parts of the projects they will be requested to assists. This shall not however be limited general information regarding the background knowledge of the project. The following is how financing will be solicited from the sponsors. Government of South Sudan 40% of the total project, World Bank 30 %, African Development Bank 20% and Government of Australia 10% of the total project cost. The total distance of the roads to be upgraded either by tarmacking or rehabilitated is 2,273.1 km and 1,000 pieces of Administrative buildings each me asuring 500 sq feet. The following roads will be tarmacked. Aweil Gogrial Turalei Mayom Bentiu Road, A distance of 415.8 Km. Abyei Dilling El Obeid Rabak Malakal Road , A distance of 1,423.2 Km Juba Mundri west- Madiri Yambio, A distance of 1 km The total cost of the road construction project will be $ 38,642,700. The key stakeholders in the project will be requested funds as indicated below table named Table 1 in the list of tables. The Pie chart in the list of figures named figure 1 show representation in terms of funding for the road construction Administrative Buildings 1,000 units of houses each of 500 sq feet will be constructed across the country. The total cost of the construction will add up to $ 993,600. The following table named Table 2 indicates how the funding will be distributed. The Pie chart named figure 2 show representation in terms of funding for the administrative building construction. The administrative houses will be spread across Republic of South Sudan in accordance to with needs assessment done by the Sudanese government. The whole part of the plan of this project will be available to the government of South Sudan because its the owner and the implementer of the project. For the World Bank the part of the plan that will be made available to them is actual distance of the road and the number of administrative units the 30% funding required from them for the whole project will cover. The details as to where exactly the road or the building will be constructed can not be pointed at because the funds will be a pool fund and as long as the total amount of funds used for road and building construction tally with the total amount of funds collected at any given point then the project will be above board. The rest of the stakeholders will also receive project plan to the extent of the percentage request asked from them. Each stakeholder will however be receiving monthly updates of amount of funds received, nature of work covered and any challenges experienced in the course of implementing the project. These periodic reports will be made through representative of the all stakeholders. (Genat, 1995) Structure of Project management professional (PMP) According to project management body of knowledge guide a project proposal should be structured in following way. (Duncan, 1995) Initiation In this initial stage you give an overview of the project together with the strategy youll employ. At this stage you will appoint the project manager who will in turn select his or her team based on the experience she/he has. The members of the team selected will compliment the experience and knowledge of the project manager. (Francis and Horine, 2003) Planning This is the most important stage any project according to the guideline. During this stage a detailed breakdown and allocation of each assignment of the project from the begging of the process to the end. This stage will also include risk assessment and defining the structure needed for the successful completion of each assignment. In summary the project process is defined, stakeholders identified and the frequency of reporting as well as channel of reporting are put in place. (Solomon and Francis, 2006). Execution and control The third and the fourth steps involve actualization of the project. During the project management cycle the execution and control part is also very important. Here the project plans are properly executed. The solutions that were identified for the problem are implanted and controlled in order to ensure that the desired results are obtained. In case of product and system development the desired product is created. The outcome is measured by the prototypes, reviews and testing. At this point all the groups within the organization become deeply involved until when the desired product or service is obtained from the process. Closure At this point the manager of the project should be dealing with teething problem of the project implementation in order to make sure that the project is concluded successfully. The highlight of this stage is the submission of the written report which has the following elements; formal acceptance of the product by the client, a comparison between the initial requirements of the client and final output of the product, lessons learned from the project, resources of the project and closure notification to the board or the management higher on the hierarchy. The process is summarized by below flow chart figure 5. Figure1 Prince2 According to prince 2 (Projects IN Controlled Environments) guide a project proposal should be structured in following way. PRINCE2 is a procedure based methodology for overseeing ventures. It works out who is the best person required in a certain task and what is his/her part and obligations. PRINCE2 has an arrangement of procedures to work through and it discloses what data should be assembled. The technique is the most practiced project implementation procedure for task administration in the UK and is also practiced internationally. (Anbari, 2005) Majority of organizations that desire to use PRINCE2 as their chosen project management tool begin with accredited training. This training is necessary because it involves numerous procedures. The preparation will give everyone in the team necessary information they have to understand in order to execute respective parts. (Newell, 2002). This technique is very adaptable and can be used or applied to many forms of projects regardless of the size of the project. One interesting fact is even those projects that only last for few days can benefit from the procedure when it is applied selectively. The prince2 methodology dictates that a project should have; Organized and controlled start i.e. makes a proper organization and planning of the project before starting. (Sanghera, 2006). Organized and controlled middle i.e. ensure that after the project as started in continues to be managed according to the plans and organization Organized and controlled end i.e. when the project has delivered make sure to tighten up any loose ends. This model has predetermined roles for every member of the team that oversees the project. The roles and responsibilities are as listed below. (Bentley, 2012) Project manager The work of the project manager is in charge of the project. He/she shall select people to be included in the team and will be responsible for timely delivery of all aspects of the project. The manager will draw up the project plan and indicate specific role of the team and when is the team expected to conclude the assigned tasks. (Indelicato, 2009) Customer, User and Supplier In this case the customer is the person paying for the project. Whereas the user is the person who is going to use the end product of the person whom the end results of the project will impact. Under this theory the specialist is the person providing the knowhow on the aspects of the project. These people will need to be organized and well planned in order for the project to deliver the desired objectives within the stipulated time frame. (Graham, 2008) Project board Every Prince2 project has project board. The board is made up of the customer, a supplier representative and a user representative. These people have special names i.e. customer, senior supplier and senior user respectively. (Tuttle, 2012). The project manager reports to the project board regularly and informs them of the progress of the project as well us any other challenges that the Implementation of the project is facing. The management techniques under the project include project assurance and project support. Under project assurance the project progress report is independently provided. There are three difference assurances namely the one provided by the user, business and specialist each representing the views or the interest of the three members of the board. The work of the assurance is about ensuring that that the project remains within viable limits of costs and benefits that is business assurance and ensuring that the user requirements are continually met that is user assurance and finally assurance regarding suitability of the project solution to the problem that is specialist or technical assurance. In some instances the assurance team is a separate group of people but in moist cases project board does the job of project assurance. (Chu, Altwies and Walker, 2005), (Managing successful projects with PRINCE2, 2009). Under project support the administrative functions such as setting up meetings, informing team members of the relevant information about the project and keeping files is usually the work of the project manager. But in instances where a number of projects is being undertaken at same time then project support office is set up to oversee this functions. The figure below summarizes prince 2 process. Figure 2 Contrasts and Comparisons There are a number of similarities and differences between the format of this project proposal and the above two theories discussed. We shall first draw the similarities and difference between the structure of this project and the structure of project management body of knowledge then followed by Prince2 structure. Project management body of knowledge Similarities Both share the initial stage of planning where a team is appointed to oversee the project. Both theories share the planning stage where the project is planed on all aspects e.g. the distance of the road to be upgraded. In both theories there is closure stage where the team that oversaw the project will have to give relevant reports to the authorities and project sponsors. Differences Under this project there has to be wide consultation with the people to find out which area do they think is of high priority for construction of road whereas in project management body of knowledge structure the project manager may not be required to do thorough consultation with the people. Prince2 Similarities There is the initial planning under the two theories which involves thorough feasibility studies to ensure that the project is viable. Both theories have periodic assessment of the project to ensure that it stays within the course of the objectives of the project. Differences This projects structure is always a major one there by logistics are always handled by a separate office as opposed to Prince2 format where the project can be small and all logistical issues are handled by the project manager. In this project major decision can not be made by one person as in the case of prince2 where the project manager has a bigger say. The decisions in this project are made by the government through the appointed committee. Contents of the PMP sections Project integration management Under this section all the processes of the project that interact are identified, combined and co-ordinated to ensure smooth transitions during in the life-cycle of the project. Here communication is the most important aspect. Project scope This section involves determining what work will be included in the project and what will not be include. It defines the boundaries of the project. Time Management This part deals with identifying the specific activities and schedules of the project and timelines within which various project deliverables have to be met. Project risk management The section entails deciding approach certain aspects of the project that are considered risky and mitigation measures that should be put in place in an event of the unforseen challenge. Stakeholder management Under this section entails coming up with appropriate ways of effectively engaging all stakeholders in the course of the project cycle. Communication Management The section involves planning and outlining channels of communication within the project team. Each member of team is adequately briefed on information necessary smooth running of the project. Project cost management Under this part and estimation of costs associated with the successful completion of the project is developed. The approximation has to be reasonable and the best way to come up with reasonable estimation is to use currently prevailing market prices for items or services required for the project. The cost of the project is aggregated to come up with the total cost of the project. Factors that influences cost in the project are varied to minimise on the cost while at the same time ensuring desired quality of the end product is maintained. Project human resource management Here staffing management organization is created. It involves identifying and recording project roles and responsibilities and hierarchy within the project team for reporting and management purposes. The team members competencies and interaction are continually enhanced to improve quality of the work. Project quality management The section entails finding out which quality standards are necessary for the project and determining of these standards are going to be met. The planned activities to ensure quality results are attained are implemented and specific results that are key to quality of the project are checked for quality standards. The processes that lead to undesired results are altered accordingly to achieve desired products. Project procurement management Here the right suppliers are identified following laid down procedures of the project financiers. Key to this section is supply of quality goods or services within the right time that will ensure key project deliverables are met for smooth running of the project. Critical analysis and comparisons between this project and theoretical PMP The most important part of this project is securing the funding and support from the identified development partners. The timelines within which this project must start and be completed vary for different regions under which the development is aimed at. Road construction in Abyei Dilling El Obeid Rabak Malakal must start around November and be completed by June to avoid heavy rainfalls this region expirence from July through November. In this project procurement functions and regulations has to be based on the laws of Republic of South Sudan. Although there are a number of financiers in this project which according to theoretical knowledge have a say on the procurement process, the laws of the country will have to apply because the funds of the project will have to be repaid by the government of South Sudan. Conclusion In conclusion, infrastructural development is a necessary tool in stabilizing any country and indeed in tackling major problems facing the world today. When the productive areas of these countries are linked up with market people will start engaging in productive activities and makes the world a better place. Recommendations All the development partners identified must be engaged effectively by way of presenting clear proposals to them on how their funds will be utilized as well as the repayment plans put in place to ensure they get the funds back after the successful completion of the project. List of Tables Table 1 No Stakeholder Percentage Amount in $ 1 Government of South Sudan 40 38,642,700 2 World Bank 30 11,592,810 3 African Development Bank 20 7,728,540 4 Government of Australia 10 3,864,270 Total 38,642,700 Table 2 No Stakeholder Percentage Amount in $ 1 Government of South Sudan 40 397,440 2 World Bank 30 298,080 3 African Development Bank 20 198,720 4 Government of Australia 10 99,360 Total 993,600 List of Figures Figure 3 Figure 2 References Anbari, F. (2005). Q A for the PMBOK guide, 3rd ed.. Newtown Square, PA.: Project Management Institute. Bentley, C. (2012). The Concise PRINCE2. Ely: IT Governance Publishing. Chu, M., Altwies, D. and Walker, E. (2005). Achieve PMP exam success. Boca Raton, Fla.: J. Ross Pub. Duncan, W. (1995). Developing a project-management body-of-knowledge document: the US Project Management Institute's approach, 1983-94. International Journal of Project Management, 13(2), pp.89-94. Francis, D. and Horine, G. (2003). PMP. [Indianapolis, Ind.]: Que Certification. Genat, R. (1995). Road construction. Osceola, WI: Motorbooks International Publishers Wholesalers. Government extension to A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK Guide)--2000 edition. (2002). Newtown Square, Pa.: Project Management Institute. Graham, N. (2008). Prince2 for dummies. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley Sons. Hinde, D. (2012). PRINCE2 study guide. Chichester: Wiley. Indelicato, G. (2009). A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide), fourth edition. Proj Mgmt Jrnl, 40(2), pp.104-104. Managing successful projects with PRINCE2. (2009). London: TSO. Newell, M. (2002). Preparing for the project management professional (PMP) certification exam. New York: AMACOM. Rose, K. (2013). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide)-Fifth Edition. Proj Mgmt Jrnl, 44(3), pp.e1-e1. Sanghera, P. (2006). PMP in depth. Boston: Thomson Course Technology. Solomon, M. and Francis, D. (2006). PMP. [Indianapolis, Ind.?]: Que Certification. Tuttle, S. (2012). Illustrating Prince2. Cambs: IT Governance.

Black Fatherhood free essay sample

Critiquing Reality-Based Television: Black Fatherhood Black male rappers are not usually shown as fathers, but many of these men have family lives that are rarely talked about. They are more prone to stereotypes of gangsters and murders, but the article discusses 2 of them that are trying to make a difference by allowing society to view their family on reality television.Russell Simmons was compared to Bill Cubby on The Cubby Show versus Calvin Broads who shows true reality of the Black working class. Russell lifestyle Is stable and educational. Callings lifestyle Is more hectic, but represents real life to the fullest. Both men are respected and can relate to their shows viewers. Quote (p. 470): Like Cubby, neither Runs House nor Father Hood deals in any strong way with racism, economic distress, or other societal barriers on their shows.Instead, like their predecessor show, both build their plots around family success, humor, and harmony. We will write a custom essay sample on Black Fatherhood or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I feel that these shows Indirectly deal with racism, economic distress, and other societal barriers. Thats why the audiences can relate to the show. If you compare Caucasian American shows to African American shows, you can clearly see the preference by the way the shows are produced, filmed, and the scenes shown. Also, the way the families bring up their children shows a lot of cultural difference even though its not said. Russell Simmons and Calvin Broads are two very deferent Individuals that are looked upon by society negatively because of their involvement in rap. This depiction changes as both worlds unfold in their television shows. I feel that Russell Simmons raise his family in the way society most accepts, but Calvin Broads is more realistic and realize that his flaws are apart of him.